Variation of fundamental constants in space and time: Theory and observations

Issue		Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics Volume 163, October I 2008 Atomic Clocks and Fundamental Constants


Page(s)		159 - 171
DOI		http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2008-00817-5
Published online		25 October 2008

Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics 163, 159-171 (2008)
DOI: 10.1140/epjst/e2008-00817-5

Variation of fundamental constants in space and time: Theory and observations

V.V. Flambaum^{1, 2}

¹ School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
² Institute for Advanced Study, Massey University (Albany Campus), Private Bag 102904, North Shore MSC Auckland, New Zealand

flambaum@phys.unsw.edu.au

Abstract
Review of recent works devoted to the temporal and spatial variation of the fundamental constants and dependence of the fundamental constants on the gravitational potential (violation of local position invariance) is presented. We discuss the variation of the fine structure constant $\alpha=e^2/\hbar c$ , strong interaction and fundamental masses (Higgs vacuum), e.g. the electron-to-proton mass ratio $\mu=m_e/M_p$ or $X_e=m_e/\Lambda_{QCD}$ and $X_q=m_q/\Lambda_{QCD}$ . We also present new results from Big Bang nucleosynthesis and Oklo natural nuclear reactor data and propose new measurements of enhanced effects in atoms, nuclei and molecules, both in quasar and laboratory spectra.

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